Generic Name: Meloxicam
Brand Name: Mobic
Drug Class: NSAIDs
Meloxicam belongs to the class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and is utilized to alleviate pain and inflammation. This article explores the uses, side effects, dosage guidelines, drug interactions, and important considerations associated with meloxicam.
Meloxicam Overview
Meloxicam, approved for use in April 2000, operates by blocking enzymes (cyclooxygenase 1 and 2) responsible for producing prostaglandins, chemicals that contribute to joint inflammation. By reducing prostaglandin levels, meloxicam effectively mitigates symptoms like pain, tenderness, and swelling associated with arthritis conditions.
Uses of Meloxicam
Primarily prescribed to treat pain and inflammation, meloxicam is particularly effective in managing symptoms related to osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in patients aged 2 and older.
Meloxicam Side Effects and Warnings
While meloxicam can be beneficial, it comes with important warnings and potential side effects:
- Allergic Reactions: Individuals allergic to NSAIDs may experience shortness of breath. Asthma sufferers are at a higher risk of serious allergic reactions.
- Blood Pressure Concerns: Monitoring blood pressure is crucial during meloxicam treatment, as it may lead to new-onset or worsening hypertension.
- Fluid Retention: Meloxicam may cause edema, requiring caution in individuals with heart failure.
- Kidney Function: Reduced kidney function is a possibility, especially in those with severe kidney failure or conditions affecting the kidneys.
- Skin Reactions: Serious skin reactions, such as exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis, may occur unexpectedly.
- Cardiovascular Risks: NSAIDs, excluding low-dose aspirin, may increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes, especially in individuals with existing heart conditions.
- Central Nervous System Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, and blurred vision may occur in some patients.
Dosage Guidelines
The dosage of meloxicam should be the lowest effective dose for each patient. Typical starting therapy involves 7.5 mg daily, and some patients may require a higher dose of 15 mg daily, under a physician’s guidance. For juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the dosage is 0.125 mg/kg daily, up to 7.5 mg per day. Meloxicam can be taken with or without food.
Drug Interactions
Meloxicam may interact with various drugs, affecting their levels and efficacy. Notable interactions include increased blood levels of lithium, reduced blood pressure-lowering effects of certain medications, and enhanced levels of methotrexate or aminoglycosides, among others.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Meloxicam should generally be avoided during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. In the third trimester, its use is strongly discouraged due to the risk of fetal birth defects. There is limited information on meloxicam’s excretion in breast milk, warranting caution during breastfeeding.
Storage and Preparations
Meloxicam is available in tablet form (7.5 and 15 mg) and oral suspension (7.5 mg/ml). It should be stored in a dry place at room temperature (15 C to 30 C or 59 F to 86 F).
Summary
Meloxicam, while effective in managing pain and inflammation, requires careful consideration of potential side effects, drug interactions, and suitability during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Patients should adhere to prescribed dosages, monitor for adverse reactions, and consult healthcare professionals for personalized guidance.