Generic Name: meclizine
Brand Name: Antivert, Bonine, Meni-D, Antrizine
Drug Class: Antiemetic Agents, Antiemetics, Antihistamine
Meclizine, an antihistamine with antiemetic and antispasmodic properties, is a versatile medication employed for treating various conditions such as vertigo, dizziness, vomiting, nausea, and motion sickness. This article delves into the key aspects of meclizine, shedding light on its uses, dosage, potential side effects, interactions, and considerations.
Uses of Meclizine
Meclizine serves as an effective remedy for vertigo, motion sickness, and associated symptoms. By reducing the activity in the brain’s nausea control center, it alleviates nausea and vomiting. Additionally, meclizine curbs excitability in the motion and balance center, preventing motion sickness. The medication further influences the nervous system by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter facilitating communication between nerves.
FDA Approval and History
Meclizine received FDA approval in February 1957, establishing its longstanding presence as a reliable medication for various conditions related to nausea and dizziness.
Side Effects of Meclizine
While meclizine is generally well-tolerated, it may induce drowsiness, a common side effect. Other potential side effects include nausea, dry mouth, blurred vision, rash, constipation, diarrhea, and urinary retention. In some instances, meclizine has been associated with hypotension (low blood pressure) and heart palpitations.
Dosage Guidelines
The recommended dosage of meclizine varies based on the condition being treated. For motion sickness, a dose of 12.5-50 mg is advised one hour before travel, with subsequent doses of up to 50 mg every 24 hours during the journey. Vertigo is addressed with a daily dosage ranging from 25-100 mg, either in a single dose or divided into four doses.
Drug Interactions
Caution is warranted when combining meclizine with alcohol, sedatives, or tranquilizers, as it can amplify drowsiness. Additionally, coadministration with pramlintide (Symlin) intensifies the effects of both drugs on slowing bowel movement.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
While available information suggests minimal risk to the baby during breastfeeding, caution is advised. Pregnant individuals should consult their healthcare provider before using meclizine.
Available Preparations
Meclizine is conveniently available in tablet form, with strengths of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg. Chewable tablets are also an option, offering a 25 mg dose for ease of use.
Meclizine Storage Guidelines
Meclizine tablets should be stored within the temperature range of 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F), while capsules should be stored below 30°C (86°F).
Summary
Meclizine stands as an over-the-counter solution for nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and motion sickness. While its effectiveness is commendable, users should be mindful of potential side effects and interactions. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals must seek professional guidance. As with any medication, consulting a healthcare provider ensures the safe and appropriate use of meclizine for individual needs.