Generic Name: folic acid
Brand Names: FA-8, Folacin, Folic Acid, GNC Folic Acid 400
Folic acid, a synthetic form of vitamin B9, joins its naturally occurring counterpart, folate, in playing a crucial role in the human body. Abundantly found in various foods, folate is present in green leafy vegetables, fruits, nuts, beans, and more. Folic acid, being a man-made version, is often added to fortified foods and is available as a supplement.
The Vital Functions of Folic Acid
Essential for the proper development of the body, folic acid is a key player in DNA and genetic material synthesis. Its deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a disorder causing weakness, fatigue, and various symptoms. Folic acid is indispensable for healthy skin, hair, and nails. Particularly critical during pregnancy, adequate folic acid levels reduce the risk of neural tube defects like spina bifida and contribute to a healthy pregnancy.
Folic Acid Dosages for Different Needs
Dosages of folic acid vary based on the intended purpose:
- For Adults
- For folic acid deficiency: 250 mcg to 1 mg per day.
- Preventing neural tube defects in pregnancy: At least 400 mcg daily.
- Reducing colon cancer risk: 400 mcg per day.
- Treating high homocysteine levels: Ranges from 200 mcg to 15 mg per day.
- Response to depression medications: 200 to 500 mcg daily.
- Macular degeneration prevention: Folic acid 2.5 mg daily.
- For Children
- Gum problems due to phenytoin (6 to 15 years): 500 mcg daily.
- From Childhood to Adulthood
- Recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for folic acid range from 150 mcg for children aged 1 to 3 years to 600 mcg for pregnant women.
Considering Interactions and Safety
Folic acid interactions and precautions include:
- Possible interference with cholestyramine absorption.
- Interaction with methotrexate, affecting its effectiveness.
- Potential reduction in blood levels of anti-seizure medications.
- Diminished absorption when coadministered with sulfasalazine.
- Decreased effectiveness of pyrimethamine, a medicine for parasite infections.
For pregnant and breastfeeding women, folic acid supplementation is generally safe, with clinical evidence supporting its role in preventing neural defects. However, consultation with healthcare professionals is advisable.
Storage and Available Preparations
Folic acid preparations are available in various forms, including oral capsules, solutions for injection, and tablets. These should be stored at room temperature between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F).
In Summary
Folic acid emerges as a versatile ally in maintaining overall health, particularly during pregnancy. Understanding its diverse uses, appropriate dosages, and potential interactions ensures informed decisions and optimal well-being. Always consult healthcare providers for personalized advice, especially during pregnancy or when considering supplementation.