Generic Name: edaravone

Brand Names: Radicava, Radicava ORS

Drug Class: Neurologics, Other

What is Edaravone?

Edaravone is a medication specifically designed to address Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a rare neurological disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. This article delves into the key aspects of edaravone, its applications, potential warnings, side effects, and dosage guidelines for managing ALS.

What is Edaravone and Its Purpose?

Edaravone serves as a neuroprotective drug aimed at slowing down the advancement of ALS, a condition that results in the deterioration of muscle function due to the loss of nerve cells. While ALS currently lacks a cure and effective means of reversing its progression, edaravone has shown promise in impeding the decline in muscle function among ALS patients. The drug operates by mitigating oxidative stress, a process integral to neuronal destruction in ALS patients, by acting as an antioxidant that combats harmful free radicals.

Warnings

• Hypersensitivity: Individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to edaravone or its components should avoid its use.
• Skin Reactions: Edaravone may lead to skin reactions such as redness, hives, and severe allergic reactions. Prompt monitoring, discontinuation, and appropriate treatment are necessary if hypersensitivity symptoms emerge.
• Sodium Bisulfite Content: Edaravone contains sodium bisulfite, which may induce allergic reactions, including life-threatening anaphylactic responses, especially in individuals with asthma.

Side Effects of Edaravone

Common side effects include contusion, gait disturbance, headache, respiratory disorders, fatigue, and hypersensitivity reactions. Immediate medical attention is required for serious symptoms such as heart issues, severe headaches, nervous system reactions, and eye-related complications.

Dosages of Edaravone

For IV Infusion (Radicava)

• Initial treatment cycle: 60 mg IV once daily for 14 days, followed by a 14-day drug-free period.
• Subsequent treatment cycles: 60 mg IV on 10 of 14 days, followed by a 14-day drug-free period.

Oral Suspension (Radicava ORS)

• 105 mg (5 mL) oral every morning for 14 days, followed by a 14-day drug-free period.
• Subsequent treatment cycles: 105 mg oral on 10 of 14 days, followed by 14-day drug-free period.

Dosage Modifications

• Renal Impairment: No dose adjustment for mild-to-moderate impairment (eGFR 30-89 mL/min/1.73 m²); not studied for severe impairment.
• Hepatic Impairment: No dose adjustment needed for mild, moderate, or severe impairment (Child-Pugh A, B, or C).

Pediatric Use

Safety and efficacy not established.

Overdose

Information on edaravone overdose is unavailable; symptoms should be reported to Poison Control.

This comprehensive guide aims to provide a clear understanding of edaravone, ensuring individuals prescribed with this medication have the necessary information for its safe and effective use in managing ALS. Always consult with healthcare professionals for personalized guidance.